Originator
Adronat ,Neopharmed ,Italy
Uses
Alendronate acid is an inhibitor of FDPS.
Definition
ChEBI: A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is methanebis(phosphonic acid) in which the two methylene hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy and 3-aminopropyl groups.
Manufacturing Process
4-Amino-1-hydroxybutylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (ABDT).
Orthosphophorous acid (102.7 g; 1.25 moles) is introduced into a 2 liter-flask
with condenser, stirrer and dropping funnel, placed on a thermostatized bath;
the air is then removed with a nitrogen stream which is continued during all
the reaction. The acid is melted by heating the bath to 95°C. When melting is
complete, 4-aminobutyric acid (103.3; 1 mole) is added under stirring which
is continued till obtaining a doughy fluid. Phosphorous trihalide (176 ml; 2
moles) is added dropwise causing the mixture to boil and evolution of gaseous
hydrochloric acid which is damped by means of a suitable trap. The addition
rate is adjusted so as to keep a constant reflux for about 60 minutes. When
the addition is nearly over, the mixture swells, slowly hardening. Stirring is
continued as long as possible, whereafter the mixture is heated for further 3
hours. Without cooling, but removing the bath, water (300 ml) is added, first
slowly and then quickly. Heating and stirring are started again. Decolorizing
charcoal is added and the mixture is boiled for about 5 minutes, then hotfiltered
on paper and the filtrate is refluxed for 6 hours. After cooling is slowly
poured in stirred methanol (1500 ml) causing thereby the separation of a
white solid which collected and dried (161 g; 64.6%). The structure of ABDT
is confirmed by IR spectrum, proton magnetic and nuclear magnetic
resonance spectrum and elemental analysis.
The sodium salt of this acid may be prepared by adding of equivalent of
sodium hydroxide.
Therapeutic Function
Antiosteoporotic
Hazard
A reproductive hazard.
Clinical Use
Bisphosphonate:
Treatment and prophylaxis of osteoporosis
Drug interactions
Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs
Calcium salts: reduced absorption of alendronate.
Metabolism
Alendronate transiently distributes to soft tissues but is
then rapidly redistributed to bone or excreted in the urine.
There is no evidence that alendronate is metabolised in
animals or humans. Following a single intravenous dose of
[14C]-alendronate, approximately 50% of the radioactivity
was excreted in the urine within 72 hours and little or no
radioactivity was recovered in the faeces.
