Description
9-bromoanthracene is a kind of bromine-derived anthracene. It is known to be able to reversibly photodimerize in a head-to tail fashion upon irradiation by long-wavelength ultraviolet light. The photodimers of 9-bromoanthracene are suitable to be used as alkyl halide initiators in the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) reactions. It is also used as the intermediate for the preparation of the 9-substitued form of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) anthracene.
Chemical Properties
white to light yellow crystal powder. boiling point 190°C (0.16kPa, sublimation), relative density 1.409. soluble in acetic acid; carbon disulfide.
Uses
9-Bromoanthracene acts as an intermediate in the preparation of 9-substituted derivative of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) anthracene.
Preparation
Anthracene (5 g, 28.05 mmol) was dissolved in CHCl3. Then N-bromosuccinimide (NBS，4.99 g, 28.05 mmol) was added in batches away from light, and the reaction solution was continuously stirred for 12 h. The resulting mixture was stirred for another 30 min with appropriate water, and extracted with CH2Cl2. The CH2Cl2 solution was dried over anhydrous MgSO4. After removing CH2Cl2 solvent, the residue was recrystallized from anhydrous ethanol to give 4.78 g (66.3 %) of a green-yellow needle solid. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.55 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 8.48 (s, 1H), 8.03 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.67 – 7.60 (m, 2H), 7.56 – 7.51 (m, 2H). EI-MS (m/z): Calculated for C14H9Br: 257.13. Found [M+ ]: 255.96.
Synthesis of 9-bromoanthracene
Synthesis Reference(s)
The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 57, p. 2740, 1992
DOI: 10.1021/jo00035a038
Purification Methods
Crystallise 9-bromoanthracene from MeOH or EtOH followed by sublimation in vacuo. [Masnori et al. J Am Chem Soc 108 126 1986, Beilstein 5 IV 2295.]
References
Cohen, Nicole A., et al. Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 210.3 ‐4 (2009): 263-268.
Xu, Xiaoming, Wenzhe Lu, and Richard B. Cole. Analytical chemistry 68.23 (1996): 4244-4253.
Dang, Hung, and Miguel A. Garcia-Garibay. Journal of the American Chemical Society 123.2 (2001): 355-356.
