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HYDROGEN CYANIDE Structure

HYDROGEN CYANIDE

Chemical Properties

Melting point -13.4°
Boiling point bp 25.6°
Density  d(gas) 0.941 (air = 1); d(liq) 0.687
vapor pressure  750 mmHg at 25 °C
refractive index  1.2594
solubility  very soluble in H2O, ethanol; soluble in ethyl ether
form  colorless liquid
pka 9.2(at 25℃)
color  colorless liquid or gas
Odor Bitter almond odor detectable at 1 to 5 ppm; however, 20 to 60% of the population are reported to be unable to detect the odor of HCN
Water Solubility  miscible with H2O, alcohol; slightly soluble ether [MER06]
Exposure limits Ceiling 11 mg/m3 (10 ppm) (ACGIH), 5 mg CN/m3/10 min (NIOSH); TWA air 11 mg/m3 (10 ppm) skin (OSHA); IDLH 50 ppm.
Dielectric constant 158.0(0℃)
LogP -0.250
EPA Substance Registry System Hydrogen cyanide (74-90-8)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes  F+,T+,N
Risk Statements  12-26-50/53-26/27/28
Safety Statements  7/9-16-36/37-38-45-60-61
RIDADR  1051
Autoignition Temperature 538 °C
HazardClass  6.1(a)
PackingGroup  I
Hazardous Substances Data 74-90-8(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity LC50 in rats, mice, dogs: 544 ppm (5 min), 169 ppm (30 min), 300 ppm (3 min) by inhalation, K. C. Back et al., Reclassification of Materials Listed as Transportation Health Hazards (TSA-20-72-3; PB214-270, 1972)
IDLA 50 ppm

Usage And Synthesis

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