Benzamide, N,N'-[5,10,15,17-tetrakis(sulfooxy)-16H-dinaphtho[2,3-a:2',3'-i]carbazole-4,9-diyl]bis-, tetrasodium salt

(a) in the presence of Pyridine , with Chlorosulfonic acid treatment C.I. Vat Brown 3 leuco; (b) in the Pyridine with metal (such as copper, iron, zinc, etc) and Sulfur trioxide source (such as Sulfur trioxide, Chlorosulfonic acid or Methyl chlorosulfonate, etc.) processing ?C.I. Vat Brown 3?. The above two kinds of situation after alkaline, filter out insolubles, remove Pyridine and salting out.

brown

Standard	Ironing Fastness	Chlorine bleach	Light Fastness	Mercerized	Oxygen bleach	Soaping
						Fading	Stain
ISO	5	5	7	4-5	4-5	5	5
AATCC	5	5	7-8	4-5	4-5