Levulinic acid has a wide range of applications. Levulinic acid can react as a carboxylic acid or as a ketone, through esterification, halogenation, hydrogenation, oxidative dehydrogenation, condensation, etc., to produce a variety of products, including resins, pharmaceuticals, fragrances, solvents, coatings and inks, rubber and plastic additives, lubricating oil additives, surfactants, etc. In the pharmaceutical industry, Chemicalbook calcium salts (calcium fructoconate) can be used to make intravenous injections. As a nutritional drug, it helps to form bones and maintain the normal excitability of nerves and muscles, and is also used to produce indomitacin and plant hormones. The bisphenol acid obtained from levulinic acid can be used to produce water-soluble resin, which can be used to produce filter paper in paper industry. Levulinic acid is also an intermediate of pesticides and dyes.
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